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ANGLO-SAXON versus CONTINENTAL EUROPEAN LEGAL SYSTEMS

JUDICIAL "INDEPENDENCE" versus "IMPARTIALITY"

THEMIS is a symbol of ancient GREEK JUSTICE, a Blindfolded LADY with a set of Scales and a Sword in her hands. The focus here is not "Independence", but "Impartiality of Justice". In fact, symbolizing a woman rather than a man, even indicates that the women in history were not independent when this symbol was adopted. So, in CONTINENTAL EUROPEAN legal system, the Judiciary is "Impartial, but not Independent". However, ANGLO-SAXON legal system's Judiciary is "Independent". Thus, the expression of “Democratic State Government” is easily recognized in the states adopting the Anglo-Saxon Legal System. In Continental legal system, although Judiciary is Impartial, but it generally depends on the laws promulgated by a Legislative body. In Democracy, significance of Double House (Bi-Cameral) system lays in that both have different "Election date", "Period of duration" & "Renewal of system". Significance lays in preventing Radical changes in State policies from one election to other. This is a legacy inherited from HiTTiTES to Modern Democracies.

MA’AT is a symbol of ancient EGYPTIANS JUSTICE, a LADY in dealing with the weighing of SOUL (HEART) in the GREAT GOLDEN SCALES with LIGHT IBIS FEATHER of TRUTH - THOTH - HERMES on her hair maintaining JUSTICE in the UNIVERSE to judge whether the Soul would reach the Eternity.

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